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| training:firegroundsafety [2017/09/03 15:30] – Adrian Woodley | training:firegroundsafety [2020/11/11 12:56] (current) – external edit 127.0.0.1 | ||
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| ====== Fire Ground Safety ====== | ====== Fire Ground Safety ====== | ||
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| ===== Priority of Protection ===== | ===== Priority of Protection ===== | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | - Own | + | These priorities are taken from [[https:// |
| - | - Crew | + | |
| - | - Public | + | |
| - | - Property | + | - Own |
| - | - Appliance | + | - Crew |
| - | - Private Property | + | - Public |
| - | - Infrastructure | + | - Critical infrastructure and community assets |
| - | - Environment | + | - Residential property |
| + | - Assets supporting individual livelihood and community financial sustainability | ||
| + | - Environment | ||
| ===== LACES ===== | ===== LACES ===== | ||
| + | |||
| * Lookouts | * Lookouts | ||
| - | | + | |
| * Awareness | * Awareness | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | * Weather; | + | * Weather; |
| - | * Fuel; | + | * Fuel; |
| - | * Terrain; | + | * Terrain; |
| - | * Resources; | + | * Resources; |
| - | * Personal health; | + | * Personal health; |
| * Communications | * Communications | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | * Down chain of command; | + | * Down chain of command; |
| - | * Across a team; | + | * Across a team; |
| - | * Emergency | + | * Emergency |
| * Escape | * Escape | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | * Avoid getting stuck or bogged; | + | * Avoid getting stuck or bogged; |
| * Safe Zone | * Safe Zone | ||
| - | | + | |
| - | * Burn ground; | + | * Burn ground; |
| - | * Cleared area; | + | * Cleared area; |
| ===== Dead Man Zone ===== | ===== Dead Man Zone ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[https:// | ||
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| + | The term //dead man zone// was coined by members of the CSIRO research team in Australia who were investigating the spread of bushfires (Project Vesta). | ||
| + | |||
| + | The **dead man zone** is defined as the area directly around a bushfire that is likely to burn within five minutes given the current wind conditions or an (un)anticipated change in wind direction. The distance this zone extends from the firefront is highly dependent on terrain, windspeed, fuel type and composition, | ||
| + | |||
| + | Summary: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Area of un-burnt fuel between fire and personnel; | ||
| + | * Change in conditions (weather, terrain, fuel load); | ||
| + | * Sudden, unexpected and rapid increase in fire behaviour; | ||
| + | |||
| + | Work as close to the fire edge as possible. Be constantly vigilant for changing conditions; including weather, terrain and fuel. | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| ===== Burn-Over Procedure ===== | ===== Burn-Over Procedure ===== | ||
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| + | If a burn-over situation is imminent, employ the following procedure: | ||
| + | |||
| + | - Notify Commanders of Emergency Situation: | ||
| + | - Transmit Emergency Message; | ||
| + | - Activate beacons/ | ||
| + | - Notify Sector Commander/ | ||
| + | - Request aerial assistance if available; | ||
| + | - Cease Operations: | ||
| + | - Close branches and place on ground. All crew return vehicle and head-count; | ||
| + | - Close and remove delivery lines at pump, except personal protection lines; | ||
| + | - Prepare and Protect the Appliance: | ||
| + | - Park appliance on a burnt/ | ||
| + | - Leave the pump running, at a speed that allows protective sprays to operate; | ||
| + | - Close all doors, windows and air vents, and leave the engine running on fast idle. Turn air-conditioner to recirculate. Drop curtains; | ||
| + | - Turn on beacons and headlights; | ||
| + | - Prepare Crew: | ||
| + | - Conduct a head-count to ensure all crew are present; | ||
| + | - Take cover in the cabin; | ||
| + | - Crew are to crouch below window level; | ||
| + | - Dress in full PPE. Cover crew with blankets/ | ||
| + | - Drink water to minimise the risk of dehydration; | ||
| + | - **STAY INSIDE THE VEHICLE**; | ||
| + | - Protect Crew; | ||
| + | - On imminent fire contact, operate protective sprays; | ||
| + | - Wait for the fire front to pass. Immediately after the fire front has passed, account for all crew and check the vehicle for damage; | ||
| + | |||
| + | Note: Do not hose down crew members with water prior to the fire front passing, as the conduction of heat through the clothing may induce steam burns. | ||
| + | |||
| + | [[https:// | ||
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| ===== Fatigue Management ===== | ===== Fatigue Management ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Signs of Fatigue ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Drowsiness; | ||
| + | * Headache; | ||
| + | * Dizziness; | ||
| + | * Muscle weakness; | ||
| + | * Impared decision-making and judgement; | ||
| + | * Irritability, | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Contributing Factors ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Physical exertion; | ||
| + | * Lack of sleep; | ||
| + | * Nutrition; | ||
| + | * Illness; | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Management ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Rest; | ||
| + | * Eat; | ||
| + | * Drink water; | ||
| + | * Sleep; | ||
| + | |||
| + | If you feel fatigued, or notice someone is fatigued, ask to be stood down. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **DO NOT DRIVE TIRED** | ||
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| ===== Emergency Communications ===== | ===== Emergency Communications ===== | ||
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| + | Communications is vital to safe and effective fire ground operations. In an emergenecy, being able to quickly and accurately relay information could be life saving. | ||
| + | |||
| + | Within the appliances, there are two primary methods of communicating an emergency situation and requesting assistance: | ||
| + | |||
| + | * Radio - call "// | ||
| + | - Call-sign; | ||
| + | - Location; | ||
| + | - Nature of emergency; | ||
| + | * AVL Distress Button (//Press button for 4 seoncds//); | ||
| + | * [[https:// | ||
| + | |||
| + | Mobile phone, to ComCen, 000 or any other receipient is a secondary emergency communications method. | ||
| + | |||